The right to vote is one of the most fundamental rights owed to citizens.
Freedom House includes Electoral Process as one of the metrics in its annual country reports.
The International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance maintains a Voter Turnout Database based on a wide array of statistics from around the world. In in some cases the data includes statistics on the spoiled ballot rate.
Ushahidi is an open-sourced web-based crowdsourcing tool originally developed to process email and text messages to map reports of post-election violence in Kenya in 2008. It has since been used to map violence and other conflict situations around the world.
The Explaining and Mitigating Electoral Violence project at the University of Glasgow gathered data on electoral violence from national elections from 1995 to 2012 in more than 167 countries and will release its findings and data in 2018. A 2015 test project used machine learning to classify social media posts to detect electoral malpractice and violence around the 2015 parliamentary election in Venezuela.